Malware

Malware (short for malicious software) refers to any software intentionally designed to cause damage to computers, servers, networks, or users. It’s a broad category of harmful programs used by cybercriminals to steal data, disrupt operations, or gain unauthorized access to systems.

🔍 Common Types of Malware

1. Viruses
   • Attaches itself to clean files and spreads through a system.
   • Often corrupts or deletes data.
2. Worms
   • Self-replicating malware that spreads across networks without user action.
   • Can cause widespread damage quickly.
3. Trojans (Trojan Horses)
   • Disguised as legitimate software but performs malicious actions once installed.
   • Often used to create backdoors for hackers.
4. Ransomware
   • Encrypts your data and demands payment for decryption.
   • Example: WannaCry, REvil.
5. Spyware
   • Secretly collects information about you, like keystrokes or browsing habits.
   • Often used for identity theft.
6. Adware
   • Displays unwanted ads, often bundled with free software.
   • Can slow down your system or lead to more dangerous malware.
7. Rootkits
   • Hides deep in the system and allows attackers to gain control over your computer without detection.
8. Keyloggers
   • Records everything you type to steal passwords and other sensitive information.

🛡️ How to Protect Against Malware

• Use reputable antivirus/anti-malware software and keep it updated.
• Enable firewalls and security features on your device.
• Keep your operating system and applications updated.
• Be cautious with downloads, especially from unknown or untrusted sources.
• Don’t click on suspicious links or attachments in emails or messages.
• Backup your data regularly to prevent loss from attacks like ransomware.